Borgmann Aquaponics Hydroponics
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Grams to Moles
Here we explain how grams are converted to moles. The conversion from moles to grams can be found here. This area of chemistry is called stoichiometry . You will need a periodic table and a calculator. First, identifying the elements that make up the compound. Example: the compound NaHCO 3 consists of four elements: sodium (Na), hydrogen (H), carbon (C) and oxygen (O). Then determine the number of atoms each element contributes to the compound. Example: H 2 O has two hydrogen and one oxy...
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pH and Ec Finder
Here you can view the plants that have similar pH and Ec values and can therefore, at least in this respect, be planted together in an aqua or hydroponic system. Also pay attention to the temperature. What are the nutrient requirements for certain plants? This list shows the nutrient concentration preferred by each plant. Note the differences within the subspecies/breeding . Please remember: there are 23,000 varieties of tomatoes - of course these vary in terms of preferred temperatures as wel...
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Ammonia Calculator for Aquaponics
Ammonia Calculator for Aquaponics Important Information: This calculator determines the toxic ammonia fraction (NH₃-N) from your water parameters. Toxicity depends on pH, temperature, and salinity. Input Values Total Ammonium (NH₄⁺) in g/m³: pH Value: Temperature (°C): Salinity (g/L, optional): Use 0 g/L for freshwater Fish Type:Salmonids (Trout, Salmon)Cyprinids (Carp, Tilapia)Other/Unknown Calculate Results Calculated Values Total Ammonium as N: 0.78 g/m³ NH₄-N Ammonia Fraction (NH₃): 1.8% T...
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Moles to Grams
Here we explain how to convert moles to grams. The conversion from grams to moles can be found here. This area of chemistry is called stoichiometry . The mass in grams of a mole of a substance (that is, the mass in grams per mole) is called the molar mass of that substance. The molar mass (in g/mol) of a substance is numerically always equal to the formula weight of the substance (in ame = atom mass unit or also called u = unit). The atomic mass can be found at the top right of every period...
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Periodic Table
Context: You often need the periodic table to calculate fertilizer solutions, as the quantities of an existing fertilizer solution usually have to be calculated in relation to the amount of additional fertilizers added. See the Fertilizer article series . By Antonsusi, Public Domain, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=82871392 Context: {loadmoduleid 95} ID:
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Aquaponics Nitrogen Calculator
Aquaponics Nitrogen Balance Calculator This calculator is called by the fish / biofilter calculator to give you an idea of the nitrogen volume of the aquaponics / biofilter system. It is not intended to be filled in by hand - but this can be very helpful for some situations. You can reach this computer via the link Plant nitrogen Supply calculation to X g NH₄-N per day in Biofilter calculator. Input Parameters NH₄-N Input (g/day): Biofilter Efficiency (%): Plant Uptake (%): Recalculate Context: ...
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Overview
Foundations & Concepts The Idea Vision and philosophy behind sustainable food production Biology Biological foundations and connections The Business Economic efficiency and business models Systems & Getting Started Aquaponics Closed-loop system with fish and plants Hydroponics Growing plants without soil Ecoponics Ecological closed-loop systems Permaculture Ecological Self-sufficiency Organisms Fish Plants Medicinal Plants Sprouts Microgreens Push & Pull Nutrients & Analysis Nutrient Solutions C...
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TDS, CF, EC, PPM Conversion
First of all: In Germany, 0.1 mS/m at 25°C = 0.425 mg/l TDS (mg/l salinity) used to be used as an approximate value for the conversion. According to Grohmann (somewhat imprecise): µS/cm = 5.48 + 1.43 * TDS. The conductivity of an aqueous electrolyte solution (acids, bases and salts are considered electrolytes) is calculated from the sum of the equivalent conductivities of all dissolved ions, multiplied by their respective concentrations. And: The equivalent conductivity depends on the concentrat...
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Water Treatment
The stages of water treatment The process can be divided into the following procedures. The model used is water treatment in sewage treatment plants, as this has similar problems to those that occur in aquaponics and hydroponics systems. Physical methodsBiological processesChemical processesMembrane process (also part of physical treatment) Given the amount of wastewater generated, our focus here will also be on an energy-efficient process, as the construction of the "sewage treatment plant" is ...
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Plant Combinator
Plant Combinator pH · EC · USDA Zone · Frost Tolerance Select Plants + Add Plant Range Comparison pH Value EC Value (mS/cm) USDA Hardiness Zone Detailed Analysis & Compatibility Please select plants … Planting Calendar Please select plants … Copy Result Copy to Clipboard ✓ Copied! Fine Print ! Please note that the nutrient consumption of individual varieties can vary greatly depending on growth phase and plant type, and the resulting quantity ratios may cause undesired interactions/blockages and...
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Murashige & Skoog Medium
Murashige and Skoog medium (or MSO or MS0 (MS-zero) ) is the most popular plant growth medium used in laboratories worldwide for cultivating plant cell cultures on agar . MS0 was invented in 1962 by plant scientists Toshio Murashige and Folke K. Skoog during Murashige's search for a new growth regulator. A number after the letters MS indicates the sucrose content of the medium. For example, MS0 contains no sucrose, while MS20 contains 20 g/L sucrose. Together with its modificatio...
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Fertilizer: Calculate a nutrient recipe
By Boston Public Library, licensed CC BY 2.0 Now that you have the two basic equations for the production of nutrient solutions, we want to use them to calculate the amounts of fertilizer required for a nutrient solution recipe. If you are not familiar with the two equations, read this first: Hydroponic systems: Calculating the concentrations of nutrient solutions using the two equations. Here is our problem: We want to use a modified Sonneveld solution (Matson and Peters, Insidegrower) for herb...
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Fertilizer: Essential Nutrients, Function, Deficiency and Exces
Deficiency symptoms Quick overview Damage caused by soluble salts Boron deficiency Boron toxicity Calcium deficiency Ferrum deficiency Sulphur deficency Nitrogen deficiency Potassium deficiency Copper deficiency Magnesia deficiency Manganese deficiencyl Molybdenum deficiency Phosphorus deficiency Zinc deficiency Before we begin discussing the principles of plant nutrient systems in hydroponic systems, we need to define what we mean by "hydroponic." Hydroponics is the process of growing plants ...
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Hoagland Nutrient Solution
Hoagland's solution (HS) is a hydroponic nutrient solution developed by Hoagland and Snyder in 1933. Modified by Hoagland and Arnon in 1938, and revised again by Arnon in 1950. It is one of the most popular standard solution compositions for growing plants in the scientific world at least with more than 21,000 citations from Google Scholar - which is not necessarily a quality aspect, see iron content of spinach. Hoagland's solution provides all the essential elements for plant nutrition and is s...
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Tomatoes with Long Ashton / Hewitt nutrient solution for hydroponics
Fertilizer for tomatoes: A recommendation for adaptation, depending on the growth phase The classic Long Ashton nutrient solution (Hewitt, 1966) is intended as a general-purpose formulation for many plant species and is therefore not optimal for high-yielding fruit vegetables such as tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum). Tomatoes have different nutrient requirements at different stages of development, especially for N, K, Ca, Mg, and P. This information is also directly available in our fertilizer ca...
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Nutrient deficiency
Nährstoffmängel in Hydroponik und Erde Nutrient deficiency in hydroponic systems & Soil * Version 0.20-en * 2025-07 Structured overview of deficiency symptoms Leaves Leaf loss & death Dying shoot tips → Ca, B (strongly documented even in standard works such as Resh 2012) Leaf loss (secondary) → Ca, B (Cu– deficiency rare, rare primary cause) Midday wilting despite water → Ca, root stress (e.g. B. in the case of O₂ deficiency or pH problems). Ca is no longer adequately transported due to d...
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Nutrient Chemistry: Ion Ratio
Hydroponics · Nutrient Chemistry · Tool A Ion Ratio Checker Critical ratios based on the antagonism mechanisms from Article 1.Input can be entered in mmol/L, g element/L, or mg element/L (= ppm). This is a supplementary tool used by the Fertiliser Calculator to calculate potential antagonisms and precipitation reactions. Input unit: mmol/L g/L mg/L (ppm) Molar masses are used automatically for conversion. Macronutrients Ca²⁺ 40.08 Mg²⁺ 24.31 K⁺ 39.10 N ∑ 14.01 NH₄⁺ 14.01 H₂PO₄⁻ 30.97 SO₄²⁻ 32.06...
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Agar
Agar is a natural gelling agent derived from the cell walls of certain red algae (e.g. B. Gelidium or Gracilaria) is won. In plant-cell breeding, agar serves as a carrier medium for nutrients and hormones that promote the growth and differentiation of plant cells in vitro. Properties and functions gelling agent: Agar solidifies at about 40 °C and only melts at about 85–90 °C. This makes it ideal for stabilizing culture media. Nutrient carrier: Serves as a matrix to contain water, macro- and micr...
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An Investment for the Future ★
Future | Why? | Market | Efficiency | Development | Studies | Yield Calculator | Suitable System | Technology | Implementation A 'plant' for the future Fresh vegetables & fish.Fully automatic, sustainable & efficient. Why Aquaponics & Hydroponics? → ‹ › Please book an appointment to discuss your plant design with us. Request appointment Why Aquaponics & Hydroponics? Sustainable Up to 90% less water consumption compared to field cultivation. Efficiently High yields in a small area– regard...
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Find your suitable system — initial assessment
Future | Why? | Market | Efficiency | Development | Studies | Yield Calculator | Suitable System | Technology | Implementation Find Your Suitable System — Initial Assessment 3–5 brief details are sufficient. The estimate is rough and does not replace a quote. Application AreaPlease select...PrivateGastronomyEducationCommercial Desired Growing Area (m²) Your Main GoalPlease select...Self-sufficiencyPresentation / TeachingGastronomy SupplyCommercial Production Fish StockNo (Hydroponics only)Yes (A...
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Your Consultants for Hydroponics and Aquaponics
The Company | Our Services | Consulting | Planning | Products Your Consultants for Hydroponics and Aquaponics Theory and practice: two sides of the same coin. This page gives you the necessary basic knowledge – transparent and without reservations. Because sound knowledge protects against costly mistakes. Nevertheless, practice shows time and again: even experienced operators encounter situations that require individual assessment and targeted support. That's exactly what we're here for. With ...
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Yield and savings calculator
Future | Why? | Market | Efficiency | Development | Studies | Yield Calculator | Suitable System | Technology | Implementation Aquaponics/Hydroponics Calculator Calculate your estimated yields and break-even point for your system project System Parameters Choose system type: Hydroponics Only Aquaponics (Plants + Fish) Growing Area (m²) Plant area Tank Volume (m³) Fish tank Main CropLettuce/Herbs (30-35 kg/m²)Tomatoes/Cucumbers/Peppers (50-70 kg/m²) Investment Costs (€) One-time Market Prices Pla...
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Our services
The Company | Our Services | Consulting | Planning | Products Comprehensive Solutions from Borgmann Aquaponics and Hydroponics Start well informed – arrive safely. We consciously provide you with this knowledge because we believe that those who understand what they are doing will achieve better results. At the same time, we know from many years of experience that each system has its own history. Whether during setup, commissioning or when unexpected problems arise – we are at your side as a re...
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Studies & Sources
Future | Why? | Market | Efficiency | Development | Studies | Yield Calculator | Suitable System | Technology | Implementation Studies & Sources Scientifically-based Data & Analysis on Aquaponics A systematic overview of the current research landscape – from peer-reviewed studies to practical applications. The Current Research Landscape Aquaponics research is experiencing unprecedented growth. What once was considered niche technology is now the focus of international research institutions and d...
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Resource efficiency
Future | Why? | Market | Efficiency | Development | Studies | Yield Calculator | Suitable System | Technology | Implementation Resource Efficiency Comparison Water, Energy & Land Requirements: Aquaponics vs. Traditional Agriculture Scientifically-based analysis of resource consumption – with surprising results showing where aquaponics excels and where challenges remain. The Great Resource Comparison When it comes to sustainable agriculture, numbers are decisive. Aquaponics is often praised as a ...
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Market needs & nutrition
Future | Why? | Market | Efficiency | Development | Studies | Yield Calculator | Suitable System | Technology | Implementation Market needs & nutrition How aquaponics helps meet the increasing demand for fresh food The world population is growing, demand for sustainable food is increasing – and traditional agriculture is reaching its limits. Aquaponics offers innovative solutions for future food security. The global challenge of food security The numbers speak for themselves: by 2050, the world ...
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And this is how it works
Future | Why? | Market | Efficiency | Development | Studies | Yield Calculator | Suitable System | Technology | Implementation Your Path to a Successful Aquaponics or Hydroponics System – Step by Step to Your Goal: Building an aquaponics or hydroponics system is an investment in the future – ecological, sustainable, and economically profitable. Regardless of size, this technology offers tremendous opportunities for both the home grower with some space in the garden and the farmer with several he...
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The path to your aquaponics or hydroponics system
The Company | Our Services | Consulting | Planning | Products The Path to Your Aquaponics or Hydroponics System We advise you on the path to your aquaponics or hydroponics system. The company Borgmann Aquaponik Hydroponik® offers a new possibility to transform the agricultural business into the twenty-first century. The EU already provides funding for this new technology, making the conversion even more attractive for many interested parties. The offer includes feasibility studies, consultation ...
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PPM ⇄ mol/L ⇄ g/L ⇄ %
Fertilizer Salt Concentration Calculator Calculates nutrient concentrations based on added fertilizer salt amount ✍️ Enter Formula Select from List Pay attention to uppercase and lowercase letters in the chemical formula. Mo2 is not MO2. Hydration · can be entered as .: (NH₄)₆Mo₇O₂₄·4H₂O = (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O Examples: KNO3, Ca(NO3)2, (NH4)2SO4, Fe2(SO4)3, KH2PO4, MgSO4.7H2O Copy & Paste with subscript characters also works: (NH₄)₆Mo₇O₂₄·4H₂O Select fertilizer salt:-- Please select -- Amount of fe...
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Example: Calculation of moles and grams of boron in boric acid
1. Molar mass of boric acid (H₃BO₃) Hydrogen (H):3×1,008=3,024 g/mol Boron (B):1×10.81=10.81 g/mol Oxygen (O):3×16.00=48.00 g/mol In total: 3,024+10.81+48.00=61,834 g/mol 2. Amount of boric acid in 1 gram n H3BO3 = 1 g 61.834 g/mol ≈ 0.01617 mol 3. Amount of boron (B) 1 molecule of H₃BO₃ contains 1 boron atom: nB = n H3BO3 = 0.01617 mol 4. Concentration in mol/liter 0.0162 mol/L boron (B)(when dissolving 1 g of H₃BO₃ in 1 liter) Calculation of the mass of boron (B) in boric acid (H₃BO₃) 1. Amo...
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Borate species in aqueous solution
The term borate species refers to the various chemical forms (species) in which boron can exist in a solution. The form depends strongly on the pH value . Important borate species 1. Boric acid (H₃BO₃) – undissociated, neutral Predominant at pH < 7 Acts as a weak Lewis acid Exists mainly as uncharged molecules Reaction in water: H3 BO3 + H2O ↔ [B(OH4)]⁻ + H⁺ 2. Tetrahydroxoborate ion ([B(OH)₄]⁻) – anionic Predominant at pH > 9 Formed by the reaction of boric acid with hydroxide ions (OH⁻) Impo...
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Xylenol orange tetrasodium salt
Xylenol orange tetrasodium salt Xylenol orange contains one sulfonic acid, four carboxyl groups, two amino groups, and two hydroxy groups, each of which can be protonated or deprotonated. At pH ≈ 4.5, xylenol orange exists in a lemon-yellow form. In this form, xylenol orange forms a weak red to red-violet complex with some polyvalent metal ions, which is destroyed by the addition of a stronger complexing agent such as EDTA. Use : As an indicator in titration. Typical concentration: 1 ml / 100 ml...
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Boron, quantitative analysis
Quantitative Analyse von Bor Boron is present in nutrient solutions mainly as borate species (B(OH)₄⁻) . There are various methods for determining boron: Spectrophotometry with azomethine-H: color development by complex formation. ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma with Optical Emission): High-precision determination. Manual titration with mannitol and NaOH: formation of a stable boron-mannitol complex. Detailed titration of boron with mannitol and sodium hydroxide 1. Principle of the method Bo...
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Titanium, quantitative analysis
Quantitative Analyse von Titan Titanium occurs in nutrient solutions primarily as the titanium(IV) ion (TiO₂⁺) or as a titanyl complex (TiO²⁺) . It may be essential, but traces of Ti 3+ are so ubiquitous that its addition is rarely justified. At 5 ppm, beneficial growth effects are quite remarkable in some crops, e.g., pineapple and peas. A variable micronutrient. There are various methods for determining titanium: Spectrophotometry with peroxo complexes: formation of a yellow titanyl peroxide c...
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Sodium, quantitative analysis
Quantitative Analyse von Natrium Sodium occurs in nutrient solutions primarily as the sodium ion (Na⁺) . Na + can partially replace K + in some plant functions, but K + is still an essential nutrient. There are different methods for determining sodium: Flame photometry: A fast and precise method for the quantitative determination of sodium. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS): Highly precise determination at very low concentrations. Precipitation titration with aluminum oxinate: A chemical meth...
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Iron, quantitative analysis
Quantitative Analyse von Eisen Iron is usually present in nutrient solutions as Fe²⁺ (e.g., in chelates) or Fe³⁺ (free iron). The following methods are used for determination: Complexometric titration with EDTA: Frequently used method for Fe³⁺. Spectrophotometry with phenanthroline: For Fe²⁺. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS): High-precision laboratory analysis. ICP-OES: Accurate for multiple measurements, but complex. Detailed titration of iron with EDTA 1. Principle of the method Iron(III) ...
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ppm to moles
Umrechnung: 100 ppm NO₃⁻ in mol/L Example : Conversion: 100 ppmNO3−in mol/L Given : 100 ppmNO3−= 100 mg/L 1. Molar mass ofNO3− Nitrogen (N): 14.01 g/mol Oxygen (O): 3 × 16.00 = 48.00 g/mol Total: 62.01 g/mol 2. Conversion to mol/L Calculation: c = 100 mg 62.01 g/mol = 0.100 g/L 62.01 g/mol ≈ 0.00161 mol/L Result 100 ppmNO3−≈ 1.61 mmol/L Sources Petrucci, Harwood, Herring, Madura – General Chemistry: Principles and Modern Applications , 10th Edition PubChem – Nitrates (NO₃⁻) Example: ...
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EDTA Titration Principle
EDTA titrations have wide applications in inorganic analysis due to its strong complexing effect and commercial availability.5 However, due to the polyprotic nature of EDTA, pH affects the forms present in the solution, and auxiliary complexing reagents are used to prevent the precipitation of metal hydroxides and maintain the concentration of free metal ions. Direct Titration: Involves buffering the metal ion solution to the desired pH and directly titrating with standard EDTA until the endpoin...
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pH and Ec: Fruit, Vegetables, Herbs
First of all: the values described in the following table should be treated with caution. Of course, even within the same order, down to the genus, the differences are enormous. What a healthy tomato produces in an allotment garden can show serious deficiency symptoms in a hydroponic system with the same pH and optimal Ec value - and vice versa. There is no way around testing and closely observing the plant depending on the chosen nutrient composition. The pH and EC values are the most impor...
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Root Zone Temperature
Root Zone Temperature Scientific Foundations and Documented Impacts on Hydro- and Aquaponics Systems The Neglected Parameter While pH values and nutrient concentrations in hydro- and aquaponics systems are routinely monitored, root zone temperature often remains overlooked. However, current peer-reviewed studies clearly show measurable impacts on growth, yield, and plant health. Common Measurement Error Root zone temperature can significantly deviate from the measured air temperature - especiall...
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FCR / Feed Conversion Rate
The FCR (the Feed conversion rate) describes how much feed an animal needs for growth, i.e. the weight gain per feed weight achieved by farm animals in fattening. It is a simple indication of the efficiency of converting feed to body weight. The required amount of feed per 1 kg of weight gain during fattening is usually specified (so-called feed conversion rate, FCR). The FCR depends primarily on the animal species, the composition and quantity of feed used (energy content, protein content, etc....
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Toxicity dose term LC50 LD50
What does LD 50 / LC 50 mean? LD stands for "Lethal Dose". LD 50 is the amount of a substance given at once that causes death in 50% (half) of a group of test animals. The LD 50 is a way of measuring the short-term poisoning potential (acute toxicity) of a material. Toxicologists can use many types of animals, but most commonly tests are performed with rats and mice. It is usually expressed as the amount of chemical administered (e.g. milligrams) per 100 grams (for smaller animals) or per kilogr...
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Phasin
Phasin is a lectin mixture that is found in raw vegetables, especially common beans. Phasin is toxic to humans because it causes red blood cells to stick together. Above a certain dose, consumption leads to vomiting, diarrhea and stomach and intestinal problems. In the worst case, consumption can be fatal; in some cases, just a handful of raw beans was enough to cause death. In particularly phasin-rich species such as B. red kidney beans, just 4 or 5 raw seeds are enough to cause symptoms in ad...
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Literature
Certainly, understanding optimal pH and electrical conductivity (EC) levels for plant growth in hydroponics and aquaponics is crucial. However, it is important to note that specific pH and EC requirements may vary depending on the plant species. Here are some scientific references that discuss the influence of pH and EC on plant growth: 1. “Plant Nutrition and Soil Fertility Handbook”◦ Author: J. Benton Jones Jr.◦ This comprehensive handbook provides insight into the role of pH and EC levels in ...
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Chelated Micronutrients and their Benefits
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid ( EDTA ), also called EDTA acid, is an aminopolycarboxylic acid with the formula [CH2N (CH2CO2H)2]2 . This white, water-insoluble solid is widely used to bind to iron (Fe2+/Fe3+ ) and calcium ions (Ca2+), forming water-soluble complexes even at neutral pH. It is therefore used to dissolve the Fe- and Ca-containing scale and to release iron ions under conditions where its oxides are insoluble. EDTA is available as several salts, notably disodium EDTA , sodium...
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Solanine (en)
Solanine, more precisely α-Solanine, is a slightly toxic chemical compound that is mainly found in nightshade plants such as potatoes and tomatoes. Chemically, solanine is the saponine of the steroid alkaloid solanidine with the trisaccharide solatriose, which consists of glucose, galactose and rhamnose. Solanine was first isolated from the berries of the black nightshade (Solanum nigrum) in 1820 by the French pharmacist Desfosses, after whom it was named. It is also incorrectly called “Tomatine...
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Root Zone Temperature – Measurement Technology & Monitoring
Root Zone Temperature – Measurement Technology & Monitoring Practical Methods, Technologies, and Scientifically Proven Approaches for Capturing and Documenting RZT Why Measurement is Crucial Air temperature is not a reliable indicator of the actual temperature in the root zone. Differences of up to 5–10°C are documented in hydro- and aquaponics systems (Levine et al. 2023; Hayashi et al. 2024). Without precise measurement, controlling the RZT remains speculative and potential yield increases are...
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Turpentine
Turpentine is the name given to resin exudates from certain trees such as conifers and pines. These exudates consist of resin and essential oils and are known as balsam. The substances that distinguish turpentine from ordinary tree resin volatilize when the mass dries and only the resin remains. The viscous and usually cloudy mass is already harmful to health when it escapes and is untreated. Only by distilling the balsam is the turpentine oil obtained from the turpentine, which is nowadays used...
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Notes on cultivation
If you grow seedlings yourself, special attention must be paid to the hygiene of germination devices, germination aids and the surrounding area. Even if the seeds are not watered enough, a high level of germs can build up and lead to mold. If the seeds are infected with mold, they must be completely removed. The germination device and all infected utensils must be thoroughly disinfected. Most beans contain the toxic protein Phasin, which is only destroyed by cooking or other types of heat. There...
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Fenugreek (Sprouts)
Facts about Fenugreek The taste: Mild, nutty, sweet, fresh Germination: 2 to 3 days Growth until harvest: 8 days Nitrogen requirements: low - weak eater pH range: 6.2 - 6.5 matching plants Ec - area: 1.2 - 2.4 suitable fish Size: up to 5 cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds: soak for 8 hours Growth medium: - Stainless steel sprout sieve- Sprouts made of glass or plastic- Trays, perforated, different sizes available Light: indirect light from the third day Germination temperature: 21°C Irrigation: - ...
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Alfalfa (Sprouts)
Facts about Alfalfa The taste: Mild, nutty, light, fresh Germination: 2 days Growth until harvest: 6 days Nitrogen requirements: low - weak eater pH range: 6.5 - 7.5 matching plants Ec - area: 1.2 - 2.4 suitable fish Size: up to 7.5 cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds: For 8 hours Growth medium: - Stainless steel sprout sieve- Sprouts made of glass or plastic- Trays, perforated, different sizes available Light: Indirect light from the third day Germination temperature: 21°C irrigation: - Flood and ...
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Asparagus (Sprouts)
Facts The taste: Mild, nutty Germination: 1 to 2 days Growth until harvest: 2 to 4 days Nitrogen requirements: moderate - moderate eater pH range: 6.0 - 7.0 suitable plants Ec - area: 1.2 - 1.8 suitable fish Size: up to 2 cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds: for 4 to 24 hours Growth medium: - Stainless steel sprout sieve - Sprouts made of glass or plastic - Trays, perforated, different sizes available Light: indirect light Germination temperature: 21°C Irrigation: - Flood and drain twice a day - sp...
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Foreword to Growing sprouts
Growing sprouts has grown significantly in popularity in recent years. Sprouts are not only a tasty and versatile addition to many dishes, but also a rich source of nutrients. These small, young plants germinate from seeds and can be harvested in a matter of days. They are known for their high content of vitamins, minerals and antioxidants, making them a valuable addition to a healthy diet. Sprouts are particularly attractive to home gardeners and urban farmers because they require little spac...
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Broccoli (Sprouts)
Facts about Broccoli The taste light cucumber flavor germination 1 to 3 days Growth until harvest 5 to 10 days Nitrogen requirements low - weak eater pH - Range 5.5 - 6.0 suitable plants Ec - Range 1.4 - 2.2 suitable fish Size up to 5 cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds for 12 hours Growth medium - Stainless steel sprout sieve - Sprouts made of glass or plastic - Trays, perforated, different sizes available Light indirect light Germination temperature 21°C Irrigation - Flood and drain 2 to...
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Barley (Sprouts)
Facts about Barley The taste Mild, sweet Germination 12 days Growth until harvest 2 - 3 days Nitrogen requirements low - weak eater pH range 6.0 - 7.0 suitable plants Ec - area 1.2 - 1.6 suitable fish Size up to 3 cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds soak for 8 to 12 hours Growth medium - Stainless steel sprout sieve - Sprouts made of glass or plastic - Trays, perforated, different sizes available Light not necessary, dark germs Germination temperature 21°C irrigation - Flood and drain 2 ...
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Garlic (Sprouts)
Facts The taste: Intense like onions and garlic germination: 3 to 5 days Growth until harvest: 10 to 14 days Nitrogen requirements: moderate - moderate eater pH range: 6.0 - 6.5 matching plants Ec - area: 1.4 - 1.8 suitable fish Size: up to 7.5 cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds: For 8 to 12 hours Growth medium: - Stainless steel sprout sieve- Sprouts made of glass or plastic- Trays, perforated, different sizes available Light: Indirect light from the third day Germination temperature: 21°C irriga...
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Kohlrabi (Sprouts)
Facts about Kohlrabi The taste: Intense cabbage taste Germination: 2 to 3 days Growth until harvest: 5 to 7 days Nitrogen requirements: moderate - moderate eater pH range: 6.5 - 7.0 suitable plants Ec - area: 2.5 - 3.0 suitable fish Size: up to 5 cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds: For 6 to 12 hours Growth medium: - Stainless steel sprout sieve- Sprouts made of glass or plastic- Trays, perforated, different sizes available Light: Indirect light from the third day Germination temperature: 21°C irri...
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Corn (Sprouts)
Facts about Corn The taste: Sweet, sugary Germination: 2 to 3 days Growth until harvest: 3 to 5 days Nitrogen requirements: high - heavy feeder pH range: 6.0 - 6.5 matching plants Ec - area: 1.6 - 2.2 suitable fish Size: up to 3 cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds: for 8 to 12 hours Growth medium: - Stainless steel sprout sieve- Sprouts made of glass or plastic- Trays, perforated, different sizes available Light: indirect light Germination temperature: 21°C irrigation: - Flood and drain twice a day...
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Navigating towards Decoupled Aquaponic Systems 2
Table 1. Observed sunshine hours (per month) and the respective estimated reference evaporation (ETo in mm/day) for Köln-Bonn. Figure 2. Reference evapotranspiration (ETo in mm/day) upon plain natural lighting (Köln‐Bonn) or at constant radiation using (additional) artificial light. 3.3. Input Data and Parametrization for RASThe modelled RAS comprised four fish tanks with a volume of 1 m3 each. Additional RAScomponents (i.e., biofilter, drum filter, sump, etc.) add another 3 m3 of volume. ...
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Navigating towards Decoupled Aquaponic Systems 4
Figure 19. Graphical comparison between sludge production, sludge reduction, and sludge outtakeassuming a TSS reduction of 90%, a HRT of 10 days, and an SRT of 80 days (y‐axis). The days aredisplayed on the x‐axis. 5.2. Nitrate Flow EstimatesAs can be seen schematically in Figure 6, the flow rate from RAS to the plants is determined by theplant evapotranspiration rate derived from the FAO Penman-Monteith Equation. Unlike in the case ofother macronutrients, the remineralization potential for...
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Aquaponics System Modeling: Interactive Diagram
Borgmann-Aquaponik-Hydroponik.ch (Beta 0.5.7.5) * Roux * Somerville ACCORDING TO ROUX · FAO/SOMERVILLE · KSU/HAGER ⊙SYSTEM MAP ↻CAUSE-DIAGRAM WATER ⬡ NUTRIENTS ⚡ ENERGY 0Nodes 0Links 0Loops System Aquaponics Hydroponics Shared Risks Decoupling Link Flow Types N-Cycle P-Cycle Water Cycle Biomass CO₂ / Carbon Energy Risk / Dep. Variable Group Nitrogen Phosphorus Fish Plant Water Quality Energy External Inputs Output/Harvest Polarity Positive (+) Negative (−) Feedback Loops RR1 Fish Growth BB1 N-Up...
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Navigating towards Decoupled Aquaponic Systems 1
A System Dynamics Design Approach Download the PDF Version here: Navigating towards Decoupled Aquaponic Systems Simon Goddek 1,2,*, Carlos Alberto Espinal 3 , Boris Delaide 4, Mohamed Haissam Jijakli 4, Zala Schmautz 5, Sven Wuertz 6 and Karel J. Keesman 11 Biobased Chemistry and Technology, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 17, Wageningen 6700 AA, The Netherlands;
Read more »This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. Aquaponik Manufaktur GmbH, Geldener Str. 139, Issum 47661, Germany3 LandIng Aquaculture, Evenheuvel 4, 5688 LZ O... -
Navigating towards Decoupled Aquaponic Systems 3
4.2. Model Description—FlowchartsFigures 4 and 5 show the water flow of traditional RAS and one-loop aquaponic systems.Whereas the outflow in RAS is mainly defined by water discharge rates and sludge removal, themain outflow in one-loop aquaponic systems occurs via evapotranspiration and sludge removal.Figure 6 illustrates in what DAPS differ from the other approaches. Although its main water outflowis also defined through evapotranspiration, it reduces water loss by recycling the sludge, whosep...
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Comparison Costs & Benefits
Choosing an Aquaponics or Hydroponics System The choice of irrigation method depends on various factors such as costs for the system setup, operating costs, space requirements, water consumption, desired productivity (yield), and many other aspects. To help you make a decision, we have created an example here that can give you a first impression of the compromises to be expected. By Adam Arthur CCBY2 DAR: Decision Analysis and Resolution The system used in this example is called DAR (Decision An...
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Advances in Hydroponics Research
Innovations for Plant Growth Hydroponics, the soilless farming method, continues to be the focus of agricultural research and promises sustainable and efficient plant growth. Recent studies show progress in optimizing nutrient delivery systems and increasing crop yields. Researchers are exploring innovative hydroponic techniques that integrate precision agriculture technologies and ensure precise control of nutrient concentrations and environmental conditions. This not only maximizes resource ef...
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Aquaponics / Hydroponics
Aquaponics: Sustainable Food Production in a Cycle Aquaponics is a method that combines the rearing of fish in aquaculture with the cultivation of plants in hydroponics. There are different approaches to deliver the nutrients produced by the fish to the plants. Overview of Cultivation Methods Overview of Aquaponics System Types Aquaponics, like hydroponics systems, are always part of a closed cycle. Aquaponics, for fish production, always contains a hydroponic system for plant cultivation. The s...
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Foreword to fish farming in aquaponics systems
Fish farming plays a central role in aquaponics systems and represents a symbiotic complement to plant production. The combination of fish farming and hydroponics creates sustainable circular systems that make optimal use of and support both components. The fish provide valuable nutrients for the plants through their excretions, while the plants in turn purify the water and provide the fish with a healthy living environment. The integration of fish farming into aquaponics systems offers numero...
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Aquaculture and Aquaponics
Aquaculture is not aquaponics Actually, today we consume much more fish than there is in the oceans and lakes. Aquacultures in the seas and lakes are the basis for the high fish consumption. Today, aquacultures seem to be the solution at all to cover the high demand for fish, but there are also negative consequences for humans and the environment, especially for organisms living in the water. It is clear that more than half of all fish products consumed worldwide already come from aquaculture. B...
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Right of withdrawal
Right of withdrawal You have the right to cancel a contract concluded with us within fourteen days without giving reasons. The cancellation period is 54 weeks from the day the contract is concluded. In order to exercise your right of withdrawal, you must inform us (Borgmann Aquaponik Hydroponik, Schumacherweg 19, CH-80469 Zurich) of your decision to withdraw from this contract by means of a clear statement (e.g. a letter sent by post or an email). You can reach us by phone at 0041-79-5835913. I...
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GTC
General Terms and Conditions of Sale I. Offer and conclusion of contract The order signed by the customer (also electronically) is a binding offer. We can accept this offer within two weeks by sending an order confirmation or by sending the ordered goods within this period. Please note the information in Appendix 1 ! II. Documents handed over We reserve the right of ownership and copyright to all documents handed over to the purchaser in connection with the placing of the order - also in el...
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Legal notice
Company: Borgmann Aquaponik Hydroponik, UID: CHE-312.034.071 Corporate address: Helmer Borgmann Schumacherweg 19 8046 Zürich, Schweiz Managing Director and responsible for all content: Helmer Borgmann Disclaimer 1. limitation of liabilityThe contents of this website have been prepared with the greatest possible care and to the best of our knowledge. Nevertheless, the provider of this website accepts no responsibility for the topicality, completeness and correctness o...
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Image copyrights
All images, unless marked, are the property of our company. All other images are copyrighted according to the following evidence. List of copyrights Klimazonen: WHZ-Europa-small.gif, WHZ-Europa-big.gif, WHZ-Mitteleuropa-small.gif, WHZ-Mitteleuropa-big.gif https://www.jelitto.com/out/media/winterhaertezonen/europa/WHZ-Mitteleuropa-big.gif https://www.jelitto.com/out/media/winterhaertezonen/europa/WHZ-Mitteleuropa-big.gif Trickle_Filter_Cross-section.png A schematic cross-section of the contac...
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USA Tax
What is the US Sales Tax or Value Added Tax? First of all, it is important to know that there is no common sales tax or value added tax (VAT for entrepreneurs) in the USA but that each of the individual 50 states sets its own tax rates. This means that examining is confusing and complicated at first. In addition, there is the local VAT which most cities and municipalities charge in addition. In some cases the tax rates also change depending on the season or the needs of some municipalities and ...
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GDPR
data protection 1. General 1.1 What are personal data 1.2 Handling of personal data 1.3 Usage data 1.4 Registration data 1.5 Duration of storage 1.6 Analysis tools and third-party tools 2. Your rights 2.1 Information 2.2 Right to rectification 2.3 Right to erasure 2.4 Right to restriction of processing 2.5 Right to data portability 2.6 Right of withdrawal 2.7 General and right of appeal 3. Data security 3.1 Data security 3.2 Sessions and Cookies 3.3 Data protection declaration for the use of the...
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Terms of use
Terms of use for online platform: Borgmann Aquaponik Hydroponik 1 Scope of the Terms of Use (1) These Terms of Use apply to the online offer Borgmann Aquaponik Hydroponik, which can be accessed on the Internet at https://borgmann-aquaponik-hydroponik.ch/. This is a platform on which Users can create profiles. This is a platform on which users can create profiles. (2) You can call up and print out the currently valid Terms of Use with this document. 2 Conclusion of contract and user account (...
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Revocation form
Your legal basis Annex 2 to Article 246a § 1 paragraph 2 sentence 1 number 1 and § 2 paragraph 2 number 2 of the Introductory Act to the German Civil Code (EGBGB) Annex 2 amended mWv 13.6.2014 by G v. 20.9.2013 (BGBl. I p. 3642); amended with effect from 28.5.2022 by Act of 10.8.2021 (BGBl. I p. 3483).Sample cancellation form If you wish to revoke a contract, please fill out this form and send it to the following address:Borgmann Aquaponik Hydroponik, Schumacherweg 19, CH-8046 ZürichReceiver: Bo...
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GTC B2B
General Terms and Conditions of Sale (GTC) for commercial transactions (Seller and buyer are entrepreneurs) Version: January 31, 2025 General Terms of Sale (Only the german version is binding) All prices in our virtual store are in euros. The approximate value in other currencies is for guidance only. We reserve the right to correct any printing errors in the virtual store. We thank you for your order, which we accept exclusively under the following delivery and payment terms. Please note the ...
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Procurement of seeds
From the Swallowtail Garden Seeds collectionof botanical photographs and illustrations How and where can you get good quality seeds? Seeds can be purchased from various retailers. Since efficiency is what matters most in an aquaponics/hydroponic system, it is advantageous to use seeds of tested quality. For European retailers, the organic seal with information about the leading control body is informative. And: don't buy hybrid seeds! These are not self-propagating. This means that you cannot ...
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Dandelion (Microgreens)
Facts about Dandelion The taste: Slightly bitter, earthy Germination: 2 - 3 days Growth until harvest: 12 - 25 days Nitrogen requirements: low - weak eater pH range: 5.0 - 6.5 matching plants Ec - area: 1.2 - 2.0 suitable fish Size: 5cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds: not necessary Soak the medium: not necessary Growth medium: - Mixed potting soil (organic preferred)- Coconut soil- Peat-free potting soil- Hemp mats Light: at least 10 hours of exposure from germination Germination temperature:...
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The Difference: Microgreens & Sprouts
Sprouts vs. Microgreens: The Differences in Cultivation The differences can already be seen in the cultivation. Sprouts are seedlings that can be grown completely without soil or daylight. Microgreens, on the other hand, require soil to grow. Both variants are one and the same plant , only the harvest age is very different. Sprouts are around 3-8 days old and microgreens are around 8-20 days old when harvested. Of course, it is not possible to give an exact number of days until harvest. But this...
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Tatsoi (Microgreens)
Facts about Tatsoi The taste Slightly peppery, fresh Germination 12 days Growth until harvest 8 - 12 days Nitrogen requirements moderate - moderate eater pH range 6.0 - 7.5 matching plants Ec - area 1.5 - 2.0 suitable fish Size ~ 5 cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds not necessary Soak the medium not necessary Growth medium - Mixed potting soil (organic preferred)- Coconut soil- Peat-free potting soil- Hemp mats Light 12 hours of exposure per day Germination temperature 21°C Irrigation - Flood and ...
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Amaranth (Microgreens)
Facts about Amaranth The taste: Sweet. mild, similar to mustard Germination: 2 - 3 days Growth until harvest: 10 - 15 days Nitrogen requirements: moderate - moderate eater pH range: 5.5 - 7 matching plants Ec - area: 0.8 - 1.6 suitable fish Size: 7cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds: not necessary Soak the medium: not necessary Growth medium: - Mixed potting soil (organic preferred)- Coconut soil- Peat-free potting soil- Hemp mats Light: at least 12 hours of exposure per day Germination temperature...
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Hemp (Microgreens)
Facts about Hemp The taste: Mild, nutty Germination: 12 days Growth until harvest: 7 - 10 days Nitrogen requirements: high - heavy feeder pH range: 6.0 - 7.0 suitable plants Ec - area: 0.8 - 2.0 suitable fish Size: up to 5 cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds: 4 to 6 hours Soak the medium: not necessary Growth medium: - Mixed potting soil (organic preferred)- Coconut soil- Peat-free potting soil- Hemp mats Light: 12 hours of exposure per day, light at a distance of 60 cm above the plants Germination...
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Purslane (Microgreens)
Facts about Purslane The taste: Like spinach, light like seaweed Germination: 3 - 5 days Growth until harvest: 10 - 14 days Nitrogen requirements: low - weak eater pH range: 5.8 - 6.2 suitable plants Ec - area: 0.8 - 1.2 suitable fish Size: 6 cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds: not necessary Soak the medium: optional Growth medium: - Mixed potting soil (organic preferred)- Coconut soil- Peat-free potting soil- Hemp mats Light: at least 10 hours of exposure per day Germination temperature: 21°C Irr...
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Brussels Sprouts (Microgreens)
Facts about Brussels Sprouts The taste: Slightly peppery, fresh Germination: 2 - 3 days Growth until harvest: 8 - 12 days Nitrogen requirements: high - heavy feeder pH range: 6.5 - 7.5 matching plants Ec - area: 2.5 - 3.0 suitable fish Size: 7cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds: not necessary Soak the medium: not necessary Growth medium: - Mixed potting soil (organic preferred)- Coconut soil- Peat-free potting soil- Hemp mats Light: at least 10 hours of exposure per day Germination temperature: ...
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Red Cabbage (Microgreens)
Facts about Red Cabbage The taste: Finely tart, mild, light cabbage taste Germination: 2 - 4 days Growth until harvest: 5 - 14 days Nitrogen requirements: high - heavy feeder pH range: 6.5 - 7.0 suitable plants Ec - area: 2.5 - 3.0 suitable fish Size: 2.5 - 7.6 cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds: not necessary Soak the medium: not necessary Growth medium: - Mixed potting soil (organic preferred)- Coconut soil- Peat-free potting soil- Hemp mats Light: at least 6 hours of exposure per day Germin...
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Broad Beans (Microgreens)
Facts about Broad Beans The taste Nutty, sweet Germination 3 - 4 days Growth until harvest 12 - 15 days Nitrogen requirements moderate - moderate eater pH range 6.0 - 6.5 matching plants Ec - area 1.8 - 2.2 suitable fish Size up to 7 cm Cultivation Soaking the seeds recommended for 6 - 24 hours Soak the medium recommended Growth medium - Mixed potting soil (organic preferred)- Coconut soil- Peat-free potting soil- Hemp mats Light at least 12 hours of exposure per day, light 45 - 60 cm away from ...
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Stocking density
Fish stocking density is subject to legal requirements and biological limits. This article explains the legal framework and practical recommendations for species-appropriate keeping. However: As of January 26, 2026, there are no uniform, EU-wide binding stocking density regulations for aquaponics systems. Regulation is multi-layered and based on several areas of law. The permissible density results from the interaction of national animal welfare law, fertilizer law, and the practical limits of y...
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Fish in Aquaponics
001835:Fish Quay North Shields unknown ca.1890 by Newcastle Libraries, Public Domain Mark 1.0. In order to find the right fish for your own aquaponics system, you can already fall back on a large selection of suitable food fish. There are small fish for small systems and large ones for larger ones. However, they all have to fulfil some basic requirements. As a rule, fish are used that can withstand the high, almost tropical temperatures in a plant. So they have to be heat-resistant. Furthermore,...
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Labeo rohita / Rohu
Rohu / Labeo rohita Rohu is a representative of the carp family and is wonderfully suitable as a fish for aquaculture, as this herbivorous fish allows for a combination of farming with prawns. Although this requires larger tanks and increased effort, it ensures a higher yield. It can be combined excellently with the giant river prawn. Since it belongs to the cyprinids, it is possible to obtain the organic label certificate, the same applies to the prawns. Rohu grows quickly and can be harvest...
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Gadus chalcogrammus / Alaska Pollock
Alaska Pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) Alaska pollock is the second most popular food fish in the world and is sometimes called "Alaska cod." The name can be misleading, as it is part of the cod family and has no connection whatsoever to salmon. It has a fine, flavorful meat that contains a high proportion of omega-3 fatty acids at 0.3 g per 100 g. It is native to the coasts of the North Pacific and lives there in so-called schools. Despite warnings about overfishing from WWF and Greenpeace, Alas...
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Acipenser baerii / Siberian sturgeon
Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) The Siberian sturgeon comes from the rivers of Siberia and Lake Baikal. It is divided into three subspecies; The Acipenser baerii baerii from the Ob River (Western Siberia), the Acipenser baerii baicalensis, which comes from Lake Baikal and the Acipenser baerii stenorhynchus, which is native to the eastern rivers of Siberia. The sturgeon is not only a tasty food fish, but is also best known for producing caviar. The original Kavier comes from him. The product...
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The fish market
On average around the world, around 19.7 kg of fish is consumed per person per year. Annual per capita consumption in Oceania is approximately 24.8 kg, in North America 21.4 kg and in Europe 22.2 kg (Source: State of world fisheries and aquaculture, FAO, 2016). ( 1 Germany In 2020, a total of 1.14 million tons of fish and seafood were consumed in Germany. This corresponds to a per capita consumption of 14.1 kg. ( 2 The market shares of fish and fishery products in Germany were broken down as ...
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Typicall fish diseases
In aquaponics systems, fish can be susceptible to various diseases, just like in traditional aquaculture setups. Some common fish diseases that may occur in aquaponics include: Columnaris Disease (Flexibacteriosis): Caused by the bacterium Flavobacterium columnare. Symptoms include white or grayish patches on the skin, frayed fins, and lethargy. Aeromonas Infections: Caused by bacteria of the genus Aeromonas. Symptoms may include ulcers, fin rot, hemorrhages, and abdominal swelling. Dropsy...
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Eedible Fish
1948 advertisement for Flair fish cutlets - Public Domain Edible fish are fish species that are suitable for human consumption. Depending on their habitat, a distinction is made between freshwater fish and saltwater fish (sea fish). Some fish species occur in both saltwater and freshwater, for example eel and salmon. Not all of them are suitable for breeding in aquaponics or aquaculture. Here is an overview of the preferred fish species for aquaponics systems. eels eels Ayu perch-like fish eagl...
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Stress in Fish
Fish are much more susceptible to disease than they are stressed. The most important are infectious diseases including parasitoses, water-related damage and stress factors in the housing conditions. Injuries, hereditary diseases, malformations and tumors also occur in fish. Some infectious diseases can lead to mass loss in fish farming. They are then referred to as fish diseases and are subject to legal measures in accordance with the Animal Health Act, special legal regulations or EU legal pr...
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2 Comment(s)
Mr. X
Sunday, 03 May 2026 04:11Weiss gar nicht wo ich das hinschreiben soll: vielen Dank für die Infos. Eine Strukturierte Führung wäre ganz gut. Bei vielen Artikeln fehlt mir der Kontext.
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Sunday, 03 May 2026 09:04Danke für den Hinweis.
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